When working with colored pencils, mastering a few key techniques can elevate your artwork from simple coloring to expressive, polished pieces.
Below, we’ll explore three essential techniques: Layering, Burnishing, and Hatching.
Each has its own unique strengths and ideal uses.
1. Layering
Layering involves applying multiple thin layers of color to build depth, tone, and smooth transitions. Each layer is usually applied with light pressure.
Effect
This technique allows for rich, complex color blends and soft gradations. Colors appear deeper and more nuanced.
When to use it
- To create subtle color transitions or shadows
- When blending multiple hues
- As a foundation before burnishing
Tip
Start with lighter colors and gradually add darker ones. This keeps the image vibrant and prevents muddiness.
2. Burnishing
Burnishing involves applying heavy pressure with a light-colored pencil (often white or cream) over previously layered colors. This flattens the tooth of the paper, creating a glossy, paint-like finish.
Effect
Colors blend seamlessly and appear more saturated. The surface becomes smooth and polished.
When to use it
- For finishing touches to enhance vibrancy
- To create a realistic, painted effect
- In areas like shiny objects, skin, or still-life subjects
Tip
Burnishing is best used on thick paper that can handle the pressure without tearing.
3. Hatching (and Cross-Hatching)
Hatching is the technique of drawing closely spaced parallel lines to indicate shade or texture. Cross-hatching involves overlapping sets of lines at angles.
Effect
Adds texture, shading, and directionality. It’s especially useful in sketchy or graphic styles.
When to use it
- To add texture or dimension quickly
- In stylized or expressive illustrations
- When depicting fabric, wood, or hair
Tip
Vary the angle, spacing, and pressure of your lines to control tone and texture.
Summary
| Technique | Characteristics | Effective usage |
|---|---|---|
| Layering | Multiple layers of color | For depth and subtle tints |
| Burnishing | For blending colors with strong pressure | For smooth and glossy finish |
| Hatching | For expressing shading and texture with lines | For a hand-drawn or textured look |
Each of these techniques can be used alone or in combination.
Try experimenting with layering followed by burnishing, or integrating hatching into a layered piece for added depth.
With practice, these fundamental methods can dramatically improve the richness and realism of your colored pencil art.
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